Clay and Material Waste: Recycling Scraps and Calculating True Material Cost

You trim 200g off a pot to fit the kiln shelf. You have 15% scrap from wire cuts. Without recycling these scraps, your actual material cost is 15-20% higher than the finished piece weight. This guide teaches you to recycle clay and calculate true costs.

Where Clay Waste Occurs

Wheel throwing: Centering waste (5-10% of ball), trimming (10-15%), sponging (1-2%)

Hand-building: Cutting/assembly waste (5-15%), joining overlap (2-5%)

Wir cutting/slicing: Tool width loss (1-3% per cut), test pieces

Drying/firing: Cracked pieces you discard (2-5% if you don't fire them)

Total typical waste: 15-30% of starting clay weight. If you're not recycling this, you're losing money.

Recycling Clay: The Simple Method

Most small potters use the slurry method:

Step 1: Collect All Clay Scraps

Trim, wheel waste, hand-building scraps, broken greenware (unfired pieces). Store in a bucket.

Step 2: Slake the Clay

Dry the scraps (2-3 weeks). Break into small pieces. Add water until it becomes a muddy slurry. Stir occasionally (5-7 days).

Step 3: Allow to Settle and Dry

Let slurry sit in bucket for 1-2 weeks. Water evaporates/drains. Scoop clay back to working consistency.

Step 4: Mix Back Into Production Clay

Wedge recycled clay with fresh clay (50/50 ratio). Use for new projects.

Time cost: 30-45 minutes per month of active collection. Labor savings: enormous (recover 15-20% of material cost).

Calculating True Material Cost With Waste

Example: Ceramic Mug

Finished mug weight: 400g

Typical waste rate (throw + trim): 20%

Starting clay needed: 400g ÷ 0.80 = 500g

Clay cost @ $0.30/lb: 500g = 1.1 lbs × $0.30 = $0.33/mug

Without recycling, true material cost is $0.33 per mug, not $0.24 (what 400g would suggest)

If You Recycle 80% of Scraps

Scrap collected: 100g per mug

Recycled back: 80g (80% recovery)

Net fresh clay needed: 500g - 80g = 420g

New material cost: 420g = 0.93 lbs × $0.30 = $0.28/mug

Recycling saves $0.05 per mug (15% material savings)

At 100 mugs/month, recycling saves 500g/month of clay = $1.50/month or $18/year. Scale to production volume.

Key Takeaways

✓ Account for 15-30% clay waste in your material cost calculations

✓ Recycling clay through slurry method recovers 75-85% of waste clay

✓ Recycled clay reduces material costs by 10-15%

✓ Slurry recycling requires minimal time (30 min/month) for significant savings

✓ Include waste factor in pricing: Material Cost = Finished Weight ÷ (1 - Waste %)

Recycle Smart. Reduce Costs.

TrueCraft tracks material waste and recycling efficiency.

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